اُصول تفسیر کا تاریخی و تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Abstract

The word “Usool” means the base or root of something. Every area of study or knowledge has some basic maxims which help to explore and understand that area of study, whereas the literal meaning of the word Tafseer is to describe and explain things clearly. In terms of connotative meaning, Tafseer is that are of study which describes the meanings of Quranic terms, its implications and the logics behind particular rules of Quran. Shaikhul Islam Imam Ibn-e- Taimia says, “Usool are the collection of those rules which must be considered by Mufassreen to interpret the words of Quran and to derive logics and wisdom from the verses of Quran۔” The objectives of the Ilm-e-Tafseer is to describe the meanings of the words of Quran , explanations  of the verses of Quran and the Tafseer of the meanings of the Quranic verses so that to get benefits from Quran in this world and world hereafter. In the era of prophet Mohammad (SAW), his companions used to understand the meanings of Quran directly by prophet Mohammad (SAW), so there were 10 famous Mufassreen in the age of prophet Mohammad (SAW) excluding four caliphs. They are the following:

Hazrat Abdullah Bin Masood , Hazrat Abdullah Bin Abbas, Hazrat Obee Bin Kaab, Hazrat Zaid Bin Sabit, Hazrat Abo Mousa Asharee and Hazrat Abdullah Bin Zuabir .

In the age of prophet Mohammad (SAW) there were four derivatives of Tafseer-e-Quran: Quran Hakeem, RasoolUllah (Ahaadith -e- Mubarika), Ijtehad and Aqwaale Shahba and Aehle-Kitab. In this article, Usool-e-Tafseer, its history and its evolution will be discussed.